Bird, proventriculus (LM, Low)

Structure List Lumen Palicae of epithelium Glands Duct

AVIAN PROVENTRICULUS (OR GLANDULAR STOMACH). The glandular stomach of birds is used for softening and initial digestion of food. The lumen is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium which is organized into long folds called plicae. The lamina propria and submucosa are filled with large glands which secrete mucus through a series of ducts. The epithelium of the mucosa is primarily responsible for secreting acids and digestive enzymes.