- The cerebrum is divided into 2 hemispheres with 5 functionally different cortical lobes, folded into sulci and gyri to increase surface area.
- The brainstem consists of the medulla, pons, and midbrain. It gives rise to the cranial nerves, and controls basic functions.
- The cerebellum contains a highly folded cortex. It functions in coordinating motor activity.
- The spinal cord gives rise to the spinal nerves. It is larger in the regions where limb control is needed in birds & mammals.
- The entire CNS is surrounded by the meninges.
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