- Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. Sustentacular and interstitial cells aid the development of spermatogonia into spermatozoa with a nuclear head, mitochondria filled midpiece and a microtubule tail.
- Sperm are stored and mature as they move through the head, body and tail of the epididymis and into the ductus deferens.
- Seminal fluid is formed by the addition of nutrients, buffers and lubricants from the accessory sex glands (e.g. vesicular, bulbourethral, prostate and ampulla. There is variation among species as to which glands are present.
- The penis may contain an os penis in addition to vascular sinuses, (corpus spongiosum and cavernosum) to produce erection. The urethra is also shared by the urinary tract.
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