lesson 11 part 2

Lesson 11, Pattern 2: `每...都`
last revised 1/9/04

他每天都練習中文發音。
He practices Chinese pronunciation every day.

Previously, you've learned the use of 都 as an adverb meaning "all." Now you are learning how to combine it with 每 to mean "each and every." This pattern can be used with the subject, object, or time word in a sentence. There are a few rules to keep in mind:

都 goes before a verb or adjective, never a noun.
都 refers to what goes before it, so you have to move the object to the front of the sentence if you want to refer to all of the object.
每 goes before a measure word plus a noun. Pronouns and proper names need special treatment.
Some nouns are exceptions and don't require measure words. The only ones you've learned so far are: 年, 天, 人 (optional), 課 (when referring to a lesson, rather than a class session). All other nouns require measure words.
You may insert the numeral, 一, between 每 and the measure word if desired.

**`都` With Nouns as Subjects of a Sentence**
(Topic or subject)	`每`	MW-Noun	`都`	Verb-Obj or Adj.	English
`他們`			`都`	`很好`	They are all fine. (no `每`, so pronoun is OK)
`他們`	`每`	`個人`	`都`	`是老師`	All of them are teachers. (put pronoun first as a topic)
	`每`	`個學生`	`都`	`要做功課`	All students have to do homework.

**`都` With Nouns as Objects of a Verb**
Move the object to the front of the sentence. Personal pronouns and other modifiers may be put before **`每`**.
(Topic or Modifier)	`每`	MW-Noun	S	`都`	Verb	English
`第十一課的生詞`	`每`	`個字`	`她`	`都`	`會寫`	She knows how to write every character in the vocabulary for Lesson 11.
`香港的`	`每`	`家飯館`	`他`	`都`	`吃過` (chi1guo4= has dined at)	He has dined at every restaurant in Hong Kong.
`他的`	`每`	`條褲子`	`我`	`都`	`不喜歡`	I don't like any of his pairs of pants.

**`都` With Time Words**
The subject can go before or after the time word expression, but `都` has to go right before the verb or adjective. Notice the way time words are handled according to the meaning if there are several in one sentence.
(S)	`每`	MW-Noun	(S)	`都`	Verb-Obj. or Adj.	English
`我的姐姐`	`每`	`天`		`都`	`去買東西`	My sister goes shopping every day.
	`每`	`天`	`她`	`都`	`坐公共汽車來學校`	She comes to school by bus every day.
`他`	`每`	`個週末`		`都`	`出去吃飯`	He goes out to eat every weekend.
`李友`	`每`	`天早上`		`都`	`七點起床`	Every morning, Li You gets up at 7:00.
`他`	`每`	`天晚上八點`		`都`	`給他的女朋友打電話`	Every evening at 8:00, he calls his girlfriend.


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Lesson 11, Pattern 2: 每...都 last revised 1/9/04

Lesson 11, Pattern 2: `每...都`
last revised 1/9/04